Calculation of Comorbidity and Frailty Scores R package LABTNSCPSS version 1.0.5 Computes comorbidity indices and combined frailty scores for multiple ICD coding systems, including ICD-10-CA, ICD-10-CM, and ICD-11. The package provides tools to preprocess episode data, map diagnosis codes to chronic categories, propagate conditions across episodes, and generate comorbidity and frailty measures. The methodology is described in Nikiema, Bayani, and Bally (2026), "A Semantic-Based Carry-Forward Approach: Uncovering Chronic Disease Burden in Real-World Data Analysis", International Journal of Medical Informatics, article 106709 <doi:10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2026.106709>. Software Depends: R (>= 4.3.0) Imports: checkmate, data.table, dplyr, glue, lubridate, magrittr, purrr, stringi, tibble, tidyr, tidyselect Suggests: testthat (>= 3.0.0) Azadeh Bayani <azadeh.bayani@umontreal.ca> Comprehensive R Archive Network (CRAN) Azadeh Bayani [aut, cre] (ORCID: <https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7707-9602>), Jean Noel Nikiema [ctb], Michèle Bally [ctb] GPL-3 2026-09-11 application/tgz https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=LABTNSCPSS doi:10.32614/CRAN.package.LABTNSCPSS